The Mediating Role of Quality Function Deployment in the Relationship Between Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Kenya

Abstract

Manufacturing firms are increasingly adopting Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) to enhance efficiency, product quality, and competitive advantage. This study examines the mediating role of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in the relationship between AMT and firm performance in Kenya. Quality function deployment is a structured quality management approach that translates customer requirements into product and process specifications, strengthening the link between technological capability and customer satisfaction. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected from 102 manufacturing firms in Nairobi County, Kenya, using structured questionnaires. Stratified random sampling method was used to draw the sample from a population of 200 firms. Data analysis for mediation was conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS macro (Model 4) with bootstrapping. The results indicate that AMT has a significant effect on performance (R² = .280, p < .001) and on QFD (R² = .391, p < .001). The results also show that QFD significantly influences performance (β = .548, p < .001). However, the direct effect of AMT on performance becomes non-significant when QFD is included (β = .078, p = .233). The indirect effect from the results is significant (β = .324, 95% CI [0.210, 0.445]), confirming full mediation. The findings suggest that AMT enhances performance primarily through QFD. Arising from these results, the study recommends that managers should align technology adoption with customer-focused quality systems to maximize performance outcomes.